{"id":5049,"date":"2020-06-05T15:12:11","date_gmt":"2020-06-05T13:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/en\/projects\/clay-ripening-pilot-project-delfzijl-nl\/operation-and-maintenance-phase\/"},"modified":"2020-09-08T09:41:51","modified_gmt":"2020-09-08T07:41:51","slug":"operation-and-maintenance-phase","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/en\/cases\/clay-ripening-pilot-project-delfzijl-nl\/operation-and-maintenance-phase\/","title":{"rendered":"Operation and Maintenance Phase"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The marine sediments are dredged relatively close to the depot location and are brought into the depots by pressure pipes (see figure). The location of the dredging is chosen carefully based on exploratory research of the seabed, relating to the environmental quality and physical characteristics of the sediment (high density, suitable for future application).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clay ripening tests<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the various depot compartments different techniques or circumstances for ripening are tested including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Mixing of the sediment \u2013 salt water mixture with fresh water<\/li><li>Variation of placement layer thickness<\/li><li>Biological methods (e.g. plant seeding)<\/li><li>Frequency and intensity of machines strokes using several land farming techniques<\/li><li>Adding a sand layer for bottom-drainage purposes<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/05\/Figure-Sludge-entering-depot.png\" alt=\"Sludge entering the depot.\" \/><figcaption><em>Sludge mixture entering the depot in Delfzijl.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Parameters to evaluate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Essential for the pilot is monitoring the clay ripening process, to find out what the most efficient methods are to convert fine sediment into clay in a useful and cost-effective way. The research strategy (and the choice of the sludge) is based upon the parameters which are routinely applied for evaluation of clay soils for use in embankments. These parameters for clay soil evaluation are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Erosion resistance class (a Dutch clay characteristic based on Atterberg-limits)<\/li><li>Consistency index<\/li><li>Sand (&gt;63 \u00b5m) and lutum (&lt;2 \u00b5m) content<\/li><li>Calcium carbonate content<\/li><li>Salt content<\/li><li>Environmental quality<\/li><li>Organic matter content<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Besides composition and environmental quality, another relevant parameter is time. The time of the ripening process is unknown and depends on the consolidation behavior and on the weather, especially the evaporation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utilizing the acquired knowledge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The knowledge gained in the project will be used for pilot evaluation and creating a business case for clay ripening on large scale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"263\" height=\"185\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/05\/Filled.depots2.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2922\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/05\/Filled.depots2.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/en\/filled-depots2\/\" class=\"wp-image-2922\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mud cracks in clay ripening depot<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"210\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/05\/Filled.depots1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2923\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/app\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/05\/Filled.depots1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/en\/filled-depots1\/\" class=\"wp-image-2923\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Aerial photograph of filled depot.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The marine sediments are dredged relatively close to the depot location and are brought into the depots by pressure pipes (see figure). The location of the dredging is chosen carefully based on exploratory research of the seabed, relating to the environmental quality and physical characteristics of the sediment (high density, suitable for future application). Clay [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":3421,"menu_order":50,"template":"","landscape":[],"technology-readiness_-level":[],"class_list":["post-5049","project","type-project","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Operation and Maintenance Phase - EcoShape<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ecoshape.org\/en\/cases\/clay-ripening-pilot-project-delfzijl-nl\/operation-and-maintenance-phase\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Operation and Maintenance Phase\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The marine sediments are dredged relatively close to the depot location and are brought into the depots by pressure pipes (see figure). 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