Over the past ten years there has been a growing recognition of the potential of nature-based solutions (NBS) to help cope with the challenges of sustainable development, climate change,\u00a0 and the biodiversity crisis across the globe as evidenced by many ambitions and initiatives. Despite this, the number of projects actually implemented around the globe remains limited, with the majority of infrastructure investments still targeted towards conventional solutions. To achieve the required systemic change, the gap between the scientific \/ engineering communities, public authorities and the financial world needs to be bridged, and institutional structures better geared to facilitate investment in NBS.\u00a0 In a white paper together with consultant Rebel Group, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of NBS compared to \u201cgrey\u201d engineering solutions from an economic perspective and discuss barriers to the widespread uptake of NBS in public and private investments and how these can be overcome.<\/p>\n\n\n